高考課程
AL
A. Natural Landscapes
1. Climatic System
(a)
the energy budget, energy flow, spatial
variation
(b)
atmospheric moisture, processes, flows
within the system
(c)
atmospheric circulation, air masses,
major wind systems
(d) the interplay of (a), (b) and (c) which result in climatic variation
2. Landform System
(a)
plate tectonics and the distribution of
major landform features
(b) the
drainage basin system and its variation in different environments (tropical
humid, tropical arid, polar)
(i) the
hydrological cycle in the context of landform development
(ii) the weathering sub-system
(iii) the slope sub-system
(iv) the channel sub-system
3. Biotic System
(a) ecosystem
(b) major factors and processes influencing the nature of
soils
(c) factors influencing the development of vegetation
(d)
plant-environment relationships at a global scale (biomes) and at a
local scale
4. An understanding of man-environment relationships within
the following environments:
(a)
Tropical rain forest
(b)
Tropical desert
B. Agricultural Landscapes
1.
Farming as (a) an ecological system (b) an economic system :
(i) physical, social and economic components, interactions,
flows
(ii) effects on
crops and/or livestock selection and production
2.
Spatial patterns in agriculture landscapes : land-rent
and distance-decay concepts, concepts of agricultural location (von Thunen, Sinclair)
3.
Impact of urbanization and industrialization on fanning
4. Farming hazards (floods, droughts) : nature, magnitude and frequency, effects and solutions
C. Urban And Industrial Landscapes
1.
Location, spacing, size and functions of urban settlements (Christaller)
2.
Spatial patterns in urban landscapes
(a)
land-rent and distance-decay concepts,
concepts of urban structure
(Burgess, Hoyt, Harris
and Ullman)
(b) urban
population densities
3.
Concepts of manufacturing location (Weber) : role of
raw materials, energy, labour, transport, market,
technology, behavioural and institutional factors;
agglomeration and decentralization
4.
Urban problems : housing, transport
5.
The impact of urbanization and industrialization on the quality of the
environment
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